p. 31-57
1) Small capitals are miniature versions of the capital letters in a typeface. They are made specifically as small caps, not just scaled down versions of capitals. They can often be ordered as an expert font. They are different from something set in all caps because they are proportionately made to be used at a smaller size. Bodoni does not use small caps, but Ms Eaves does.
2) Ligatures are combinations of letters that would crash into each other during metal typesetting, such as the hanging terminal of f next to an ascender (f to i). Ligatures are used to prevent this problem. They aren't used much in the digital age since the problems can be addressed systematically through the digitization of the font. Bauer Bodoni does have ligatures.
3) Foot marks are used to mark feet, such as 5'. An apostrophe takes the shape of a '9' and is used for a possessive.
4) Inch marks are used to mark inches, such as 5". A quote mark signifies dialogue, such as "yo man, who should I start at Running Back this week, LeGarrette Blount or Maurice Morris?".
5) Hyphens are used as a symbol to break words, such as tele-vision. En Dashes are longer than hyphens are and are used in an instance such as 'from 1914 — 1918' with spaces between the dash. Em dashes are basically the same as en dashes but without the spaces between the dash.
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